Cass County vs. North Dakota
Comparative Trends Analysis:
Gross Domestic Product Growth and Change, 2001-2021
Introduction
Cass County vs. North Dakota
Cass County:
2021 GDP = $15,318,454K
2021 Percent of State = 24.10%
North Dakota:
2021 GDP = $63,559,623K
2021 Percent of U.S. = 0.27%
Nationally, GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is widely regarded as the foremost blue-chip barometer for tracking and calibrating the economic performance of the economy nationwide. Like its closely followed national counterpart, the GDP of Cass County is the most comprehensive measure of output of all goods and services produced by labor and property located within Cass County. It is a market valuation of the goods and services-both private and public-produced within a regional economy.
Unlike the widely and frequently reported employment and job numbers that measure labor as one of the units of input into production, GDP is a valuation of the output. Also, while County Personal Income is representative of the "purchasing power" of those that reside within a county, think of Gross Domestic Product as representative of the "producing power" of that county.
For a more detailed and technical explanation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by County compiled by the Regional Product Branch of Bureau of Economic Analysis please refer to the A Primer on Local Area Gross Domestic Product Methodology article found on the BEA website.

BEA: Definition

GDP by county is the county counterpart of the Nation's gross domestic product (GDP), the Bureau's featured and most comprehensive measure of U.S. economic activity. GDP by county is derived as the sum of the GDP originating in all the industries in a county.

The statistics of real GDP by county are prepared in chained (2012) dollars. Real GDP by county is an inflation-adjusted measure of each county's gross product that is based on national prices for the goods and services produced within that county. The statistics of real GDP by county and of quantity indexes with a base year of 2012 were derived by applying national chain-type price indexes to the current-dollar GDP-by-county values for the 64 detailed NAICS-based industries for 1997 forward.

The chain-type index formula that is used in the national accounts is then used to calculate the values of total real GDP by county and of real GDP by county at more aggregated industry levels. Real GDP by county may reflect a substantial volume of output that is sold to other counties and regions. To the extent that a county's output is produced and sold in national markets at relatively uniform prices (or sold locally at national prices), real GDP by state captures the differences across states that reflect the relative differences in the mix of goods and services that the counties produce. However, real GDP by county does not capture geographic differences in the prices of goods and services that are produced and sold locally.

United States. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Product Division.
BEA News Release (GDP by State). 2013. Web.
https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state.

BEA: Relation of GDP by county to U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

An industry's GDP by county, or its value added, in practice, is calculated as the sum of incomes earned by labor and capital and the costs incurred in the production of goods and services. That is, it includes the wages and salaries that workers earn, the income earned by individual or joint entrepreneurs as well as by corporations, and business taxes such as sales, property, and Federal excise taxes that count as a business expense.

GDP is calculated as the sum of what consumers, businesses, and government spend on final goods and services, plus investment and net foreign trade. In theory, incomes earned should equal what is spent, but due to different data sources, income earned, usually referred to as gross domestic income (GDI), does not always equal what is spent (GDP). The difference is referred to as the "statistical discrepancy."

Starting with the 2004 comprehensive revision, BEA's annual industry accounts and its GDP-by-county accounts allocate the statistical discrepancy across all private-sector industries. Therefore, the GDP-by-county statistics are now conceptually more similar to the GDP statistics in the national accounts than they had been in the past.

U.S. real GDP by county for the advance year, 2012, may differ from the Annual Industry Accounts' GDP by industry and, hence NIPA (National Income and Product Account) GDP, because of different sources and vintages of data used to estimate GDP by state and NIPA GDP. For the revised years of 2009-2011, U.S. GDP by county is nearly identical to GDP by industry except for small differences resulting from the GDP-by-county accounts' exclusion of overseas Federal military and civilian activity (because it cannot be attributed to a particular state). The GDP-by-industry statistics are identical to those from the 2012 annual revision of the NIPAs, released in July 2012. However, because of revisions since July 2012, GDP in the NIPAs may differ from U.S. GDP by county.

United States. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Product Division.
BEA News Release (GDP by State). 2013. Web.
https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state.

Cass County Gross Domestic Product, 2002-2021
Current vs. Chained 2012 Dollars (Millions)
Cass County Gross Domestic Product, 2002-2021
Current vs. Chained 2012 Dollars (Millions)
Figure 1.
Figure 1 depicts Cass County's annual gross domestic product over 2002-2021 in current and constant (chained 2012) dollars. Constant dollar measurements remove the effects of inflation. They allow for comparison of changes in the real total good and services output of Cass County over time.
When measured in current dollars, Cass County's GDP increased 178.92%, from $5,492M in 2002 to $15,318M in 2021. When measured in constant 2012 dollars to adjust for inflation, it advanced 85.19%, from $6,802M in 2002 to $12,596M in 2021.
Real Gross Domestic Product, 2001-2021 (Millions)
Real Gross Domestic Product, 2001-2021 (Millions)
Figure 2.
Figure 2 traces Cass County's and North Dakota's annual real gross domestic product for the period 2001-2021 to illustrate real gross domestic product patterns over time. During this 21-year period, Cass County's real gross domestic product rose from $6,319M in 2001 to $12,596M in 2021, for a net gain of $6,277M, or 99.34%. In comparison, North Dakota's real GDP increased from $24,910M in 2001 to $53,804M in 2021, for a net gain of $28,894M, or 115.99%.
Real Gross Domestic Product Indices (2001=100): 2001-2021
Real Gross Domestic Product Indices (2001=100): 2001-2021
Figure 3.
Figure 3 shows Cass County's real gross domestic product growth in a broader context by offering direct comparisons across time with North Dakota, the United States. The growth indices shown here express each region's real gross domestic product in 2001 as a base figure of 100, and the real gross domestic products in later years as a percentage of the 2001 base figure. This method allows for more direct comparison of differences in real gross domestic product growth between regions that may differ vastly in size.
Cass County's overall real GDP growth was 99.34% over 2001-2021 trailed North Dakota's increase of 115.99%, and outpaced the United States' increase of 47.85%.
Gross Domestic Product as a Percent of the North Dakota Total: 2001-2021
Gross Domestic Product as a Percent of the North Dakota Total: 2001-2021
Figure 4.
Another interesting and insightful way of comparing the gross domestic product growth of Cass County is to compare its individual percentage contributions to North Dakota's statewide gross domestic product over time, as shown in Figure 4. A rising share means a region's gross domestic product grew faster, or declined less, than North Dakota's gross domestic product, while a declining share shows it grew more slowly.
In 2001, Cass County's GDP totaled 26.58% of North Dakota's GDP, while in 2021 it totaled 24.10% thereby yielding a -2.48% share-shift.
   
 
Gross Domestic Product Share-Shift
2021 vs. 2001
 
Share-
Shift*
 
2021
vs.
2001
-2.48%
=
24.10%
-
26.58%
 
   
Cass County Real Gross Domestic Product:
Annual Percent Change, 2002-2021
Cass County Real Gross Domestic Product:
Annual Percent Change, 2002-2021
Figure 5.
Figure 5 shows the short-run pattern of Cass County's real gross domestic product growth by tracking the year-to-year percent change over 2002-2021. The average annual percent change for the entire 20-year period is also illustrated on this chart to provide a benchmark for gauging periods of relative high--and relative low--growth against the backdrop of the long-term average.
On average, Cass County's real GDP grew at an annual rate of 3.56% over 2002-2021. The county posted its highest growth in 2012 (9.18%) and recorded its lowest growth in 2009 (-2.14%). In 2021, Cass County's real GDP grew by 7.54%
Cass County Real Gross Domestic Product:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 2002-2021
Cass County Real Gross Domestic Product:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 2002-2021
Figure 6.
Figure 6 again traces the annual percent change in Cass County's real gross domestic product since 2002, but this time they are overlayed with average growth rates for the decade of the 2000s, 2010s, and 2020-2021.
During 2002-2009, Cass County's annual real GDP growth rate averaged 3.89%. It averaged 3.42% in the 2010s, 2.97% thus far this decade (2020-2021).
Real Gross Domestic Product Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Real Gross Domestic Product Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Figure 7.
Figure 7 compares the decade average growth rates for Cass County noted in the previous graph with the corresponding decade averages for North Dakota and the nation. As the chart reveals, Cass County's average annual real gross domestic product growth posted below North Dakota's average in the 2000s (3.89% vs. 4.45%), recorded under North Dakota's average in the 2010s (3.42% vs. 5.08%), and topped North Dakota's average over the 2 year period of the current decade, 2020-2021 (2.97% vs. -2.28%).
Finally, relative to nationwide real gross domestic product growth trends, Cass County outgained the nation in the 2000s (3.89% vs. 1.77%), led the nation throughout the 2010s (3.42% vs. 2.25%), and led the nation over 2020-2021 (2.97% vs. 1.59%).
   
 
Real* Gross Domestic Product Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change
 
 
 
3.56
3.89
3.42
2.97
7.54
 
4.09
4.45
5.08
-2.28
0.28
 
1.99
1.77
2.25
1.59
5.95
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Cass County:
Gross Domestic Product, 2001-2021
 
2001
 
5,020,754
0.615
6,318,831
100.0
N
26.58
2002
 
5,492,104
0.662
6,801,793
107.6
7.64
27.20
2003
 
5,849,088
0.692
7,112,256
112.6
4.56
26.51
2004
 
6,355,358
0.732
7,530,226
119.2
5.88
27.32
2005
 
6,760,888
0.761
7,823,783
123.8
3.90
27.37
2006
 
7,297,598
0.800
8,225,491
130.2
5.13
27.54
2007
 
7,860,428
0.836
8,597,529
136.1
4.52
27.03
2008
 
8,106,004
0.850
8,733,765
138.2
1.58
25.43
2009
 
8,142,751
0.831
8,547,137
135.3
-2.14
25.27
2010
 
8,482,927
0.860
8,838,841
139.9
3.41
23.78
2011
 
9,179,581
0.916
9,416,510
149.0
6.54
22.07
2012
 
10,280,862
1.000
10,280,862
162.7
9.18
19.83
2013
 
10,378,698
0.987
10,150,580
160.6
-1.27
19.12
2014
 
11,513,427
1.075
11,050,279
174.9
8.86
19.21
2015
 
12,034,905
1.101
11,318,406
179.1
2.43
21.49
2016
 
12,106,059
1.091
11,220,713
177.6
-0.86
23.29
2017
 
12,539,537
1.115
11,463,596
181.4
2.16
22.64
2018
 
12,991,521
1.131
11,624,451
184.0
1.40
21.93
2019
 
13,630,162
1.158
11,902,587
188.4
2.39
23.02
2020
 
13,710,638
1.139
11,713,122
185.4
-1.59
25.19
2021
 
15,318,454
1.225
12,595,913
199.3
7.54
24.10
Source: Calculations by the North Dakota Regional Economic Analysis Project (ND-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_2000_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
North Dakota:
Gross Domestic Product, 2001-2021
 
2001
 
18,889,126
0.481
24,909,885
100.0
N
0.18
2002
 
20,194,681
0.507
26,290,839
105.5
5.54
0.18
2003
 
22,061,061
0.538
27,870,430
111.9
6.01
0.19
2004
 
23,259,041
0.546
28,284,125
113.5
1.48
0.19
2005
 
24,699,993
0.566
29,345,234
117.8
3.75
0.19
2006
 
26,500,651
0.590
30,590,116
122.8
4.24
0.19
2007
 
29,075,414
0.618
32,022,235
128.6
4.68
0.20
2008
 
31,874,447
0.661
34,256,449
137.5
6.98
0.22
2009
 
32,226,008
0.680
35,244,403
141.5
2.88
0.22
2010
 
35,676,151
0.732
37,917,217
152.2
7.58
0.24
2011
 
41,587,672
0.817
42,340,783
170.0
11.67
0.27
2012
 
51,832,557
1.000
51,832,557
208.1
22.42
0.32
2013
 
54,270,999
1.020
52,892,393
212.3
2.04
0.32
2014
 
59,926,288
1.115
57,790,023
232.0
9.26
0.34
2015
 
55,996,894
1.091
56,542,420
227.0
-2.16
0.31
2016
 
51,989,212
1.022
52,974,585
212.7
-6.31
0.28
2017
 
55,394,714
1.045
54,187,065
217.5
2.29
0.28
2018
 
59,248,678
1.079
55,914,207
224.5
3.19
0.29
2019
 
59,199,242
1.088
56,385,363
226.4
0.84
0.28
2020
 
54,422,917
1.035
53,653,579
215.4
-4.84
0.26
2021
 
63,559,623
1.038
53,803,554
216.0
0.28
0.27
Source: Calculations by the North Dakota Regional Economic Analysis Project (ND-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_2000_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
United States:
Gross Domestic Product, 2001-2021
 
2001
 
10,581,929,000
0.816
13,263,417,000
100.0
N
2002
 
10,929,108,000
0.830
13,488,357,000
101.7
1.70
2003
 
11,456,450,000
0.853
13,865,519,000
104.5
2.80
2004
 
12,217,196,000
0.886
14,399,696,000
108.6
3.85
2005
 
13,039,197,000
0.917
14,901,269,000
112.3
3.48
2006
 
13,815,583,000
0.942
15,315,943,000
115.5
2.78
2007
 
14,474,228,000
0.961
15,623,871,000
117.8
2.01
2008
 
14,769,862,000
0.962
15,642,962,000
117.9
0.12
2009
 
14,478,067,000
0.937
15,236,262,000
114.9
-2.60
2010
 
15,048,970,000
0.963
15,648,991,000
118.0
2.71
2011
 
15,599,731,000
0.978
15,891,534,000
119.8
1.55
2012
 
16,253,970,000
1.000
16,253,970,000
122.5
2.28
2013
 
16,843,196,000
1.018
16,553,348,000
124.8
1.84
2014
 
17,550,687,000
1.042
16,932,051,000
127.7
2.29
2015
 
18,206,023,000
1.070
17,390,295,000
131.1
2.71
2016
 
18,695,106,000
1.088
17,680,274,000
133.3
1.67
2017
 
19,477,337,000
1.112
18,076,651,000
136.3
2.24
2018
 
20,533,058,000
1.145
18,609,078,000
140.3
2.95
2019
 
21,380,976,000
1.171
19,036,052,000
143.5
2.29
2020
 
21,060,474,000
1.139
18,509,143,000
139.6
-2.77
2021
 
23,315,081,000
1.206
19,609,812,000
147.8
5.95
Source: Calculations by the North Dakota Regional Economic Analysis Project (ND-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_2000_PN
 
   
Copyright © 2023. Pacific Northwest Regional Economic Analysis Project (PNREAP). All Rights Reserved.

Please stay tuned...
while your request is processing:

Please wait while your request is being processed...
To offer the most comprehensive set of interactive options in support of your research, ND-REAP calculates and crunches most of the data and generates the narrative and graphic analysis on demand in response to your request.
Your request will soon be available.
Just a few more seconds....Your request has been generated and is now loading the results.